منابع مشابه
Downward causation in fluid convection
Recent developments in nonlinear dynamics have found wide application in many areas of science from physics to neuroscience. Nonlinear phenomena such as feedback loops, inter-level relations, wholes constraining and modifying the behavior of their parts, and memory effects are interesting candidates for emergence and downward causation. Rayleigh-Bénard convection is an example of a nonlinear sy...
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Complexity-nonlinear dynamics for my purposes in this essay-is rich with metaphysical and epistemological implications but is receiving sustained philosophical analysis only recently. I will explore some of the subtleties of causation and constraint in Rayleigh-Bénard convection as an example of a complex phenomenon, and extract some lessons for further philosophical reflection on top-down cons...
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ion inherent in each single individual. In its reality it is the ensemble of social relations’ [Marx 1972: 109]). If one were to represent these two views of emergence as ideal types, one could say the former, complex systems approach stresses the ordinary workings of nature as resulting in surprising behaviour of complex systems; the distinction between levels is characterized as a distinction...
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The next version to excite attention took off from the idea that, while mental terms cannot be translated into physical terms (as Carnap’s program had required) nevertheless, it does not follow that these terms refer to non-physical states. So, it was proposed, mental phenomena can be identical with states and processes in the brain, even though psychological descriptions have meanings differen...
متن کامل1 Downward Causation without Foundations
Emergence is interpreted in a non-dualist framework of thought. No metaphysical distinction between the higher and basic levels of organization is supposed, but only a duality of modes of access. Moreover, these modes of access are not construed as mere ways of revealing intrinsic patterns of organization: They are supposed to be constitutive of them, in Kant’s sense. The emergent levels of org...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Synthese
سال: 2006
ISSN: 0039-7857,1573-0964
DOI: 10.1007/s11229-006-9112-2